The Dawson Ledger
Event

Crusades (1095-1291 CE, conventional span)

Series of Latin Christian expeditions and Levantine wars against Muslim polities; links Byzantine, Islamic and Latin spheres and drives Mediterranean naval and trade change.

Islamic

Event Details

  • Date: 1095 CE-1291 CE (conventional; convention cited to Tyerman 2006, book-level)
  • Type: war-series
  • Civilizations: western-atlantic, islamic

Description

Series of Latin Christian expeditions and Levantine wars against Muslim polities; links Byzantine, Islamic and Latin spheres and drives Mediterranean naval and trade change.

Quantitative facts and their sourcing

  • Conventional span 1095 (Clermont) to 1291 (fall of Acre) follows standard histories (Tyerman 2006); dates NOT extracted from a machine-readable source this session.
  • No aggregate casualty total is asserted: no reliable published total was verified.
  • PRIMARY-SOURCE (read 2026-10-12): span ends sourced. Opening: Urban II's speech at the Council of Clermont, 1095 (Fordham Sourcebook, five versions). Close: Ludolph of Suchem on the fall of Acre, 1291 (Fordham): claims the Sultan had "six hundred thousand armed" and that "in Acre and the other places nearly a hundred and six thousand men were slain" - a fourteenth-century traveller's claim, not a measurement.

Confidence

medium (periodization); no casualty data. Numbers marked "Wikipedia-compiled (stub)" come from a secondary aggregator and must be upgraded to page-level scholarly citations before any Official use.

Citations

  • fordham-urban2-clermont [PRIMARY-READ] Urban II (as reported by Fulcher of Chartres et al.), Paul Halsall (ed.) (1095). Urban II, Speech at the Council of Clermont, 1095 (Medieval Sourcebook, Fordham; five versions); read. Internet Medieval Sourcebook, Fordham University. https://sourcebooks.fordham.edu/source/urban2-5vers.asp. Read 2026-10-12; location: web page.
  • fordham-ludolph-acre-1291 [PRIMARY-READ] Ludolph of Suchem, Paul Halsall (ed.) (1350). Ludolph of Suchem, The Fall of Acre, 1291 (Medieval Sourcebook, Fordham, adapted from Brundage); read. Internet Medieval Sourcebook, Fordham University. https://sourcebooks.fordham.edu/source/1291acre.asp. Read 2026-10-12; location: web page.
  • tyerman2006-gods-war [formal] Christopher Tyerman (2006). God's War: A New History of the Crusades. Harvard University Press / Belknap. https://openlibrary.org/works/OL619226W. Verified 2026-10-11 (Open Library record found; edition exists, page-level not checked).
  • wp-crusades [STUB (secondary aggregator)] Wikipedia contributors (2026). Crusades (Wikipedia; secondary aggregator, stub-grade). Wikipedia. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Crusades. Verified 2026-10-11 (resolves).

Review status

SOFT draft. Not Official. Needs editor review of CAD tags (estimated) and page-level citation upgrade.

About this entry

A draft entry preserved from civilization.study. Evidence grade: medium. 3 of 4 listed sources are fully documented; the rest are names only. Method and sources

Conflict card

This card is generated from Civitas's war record and carries the same evidence badge as every other conflict card.

How to read the evidence badges
Primary text read
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war series · 1095 CE-1291 CE (conventional; convention cited to Tyerman 2006, book-level)

Crusades (1095-1291 CE, conventional span)

Series of Latin Christian expeditions and Levantine wars against Muslim polities; links Byzantine, Islamic and Latin spheres and drives Mediterranean naval and trade change.

Evidence: Primary text read Draft estimate

What the record says

  • Note Conventional span 1095 (Clermont) to 1291 (fall of Acre) follows standard histories (Tyerman 2006); dates NOT extracted from a machine-readable source this session.
  • Note No aggregate casualty total is asserted: no reliable published total was verified.
  • Primary text PRIMARY-SOURCE (read 2026-10-12): span ends sourced. Opening: Urban II's speech at the Council of Clermont, 1095 (Fordham Sourcebook, five versions). Close: Ludolph of Suchem on the fall of Acre, 1291 (Fordham): claims the Sultan had "six hundred thousand armed" and that "in Acre and the other places nearly a hundred and six thousand men were slain" - a fourteenth-century traveller's claim, not a measurement.

Confidence. medium (periodization); no casualty data.

Where it sits

Sources and evidence

No page-level citation is claimed for any source. Figures marked unverified come from a Wikipedia aggregator and are not for Official use.

Link to this conflict

Art: Patterns of Civilization chronicle art, made with AI: illustrations, not historical evidence. Entries are drafts preserved from civilization.study. Method and sources.