The Dawson Ledger
Event

Battle of Diu (1509 CE)

Portuguese defeat of a Mamluk-Gujarati-Calicut fleet, establishing Portuguese naval dominance in the western Indian Ocean (Subrahmanyam 1997 for context).

Event Details

  • Date: 3 February 1509
  • Type: naval-battle
  • Civilizations: indus-south-asian, western-atlantic

Description

Portuguese defeat of a Mamluk-Gujarati-Calicut fleet, establishing Portuguese naval dominance in the western Indian Ocean (Subrahmanyam 1997 for context).

Quantitative facts and their sourcing

  • Date 3 February 1509; outcome: Portuguese victory (Wikipedia infobox). Casualty entries in the infobox were not cleanly parseable; no numbers asserted.
  • PRIMARY-SOURCE (read 2026-10-12): Gaspar Correia, Lendas da India t. 1 pt. 2, pp. 945-946 (anno de 1509): the Viceroy's "rol dos mortos, e feridos": dead included Payo Rodrigues de Sousa, captain of a galley; Portuguese "mortos passante de cem homens, quasy todos dos tiros, e feridos mais de trezentos, quasy todos de frechadas"; many Rumes died by artillery, "mas a mor soma foy no mar". Portuguese chronicler writing c. 1550s; claims.

Confidence

medium (date/outcome); no numbers. Numbers marked "Wikipedia-compiled (stub)" come from a secondary aggregator and must be upgraded to page-level scholarly citations before any Official use.

Citations

  • correia-lendas-t1p2-ia [PRIMARY-READ] Gaspar Correia, R. J. de Lima Felner (ed.) (1859). Gaspar Correia, Lendas da India, t. 1 pt. 2, ed. R. J. de Lima Felner (Academia Real das Sciencias, Lisboa, 1858-59); archive.org scan, read. Academia Real das Sciencias de Lisboa (scan: Internet Archive). https://archive.org/details/p2lendasdaindiapub01corruoft. Read 2026-10-12; location: pp. 945-946 (Dom Francisco, Visorey, anno de 1509; Cap. IV).
  • subrahmanyam1997-vasco-da-gama [formal] Sanjay Subrahmanyam (1997). The Career and Legend of Vasco da Gama. Cambridge University Press. https://openlibrary.org/works/OL3279004W. Verified 2026-10-11 (Open Library record found; edition exists, page-level not checked).
  • wp-battle-of-diu-1509 [STUB (secondary aggregator)] Wikipedia contributors (2026). Battle of Diu (Wikipedia; secondary aggregator, stub-grade). Wikipedia. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Battle_of_Diu. Verified 2026-10-11 (resolves).

Review status

SOFT draft. Not Official. Needs editor review of CAD tags (estimated) and page-level citation upgrade.

About this entry

A draft entry preserved from civilization.study. Evidence grade: low. 2 of 3 listed sources are fully documented; the rest are names only. Method and sources

Conflict card

This card is generated from Civitas's war record and carries the same evidence badge as every other conflict card.

How to read the evidence badges
Primary text read
Civitas read the ancient or primary text for at least one figure on this card. Other figures may still be Wikipedia-compiled and are labelled.
Generic placeholder: waves for a naval action. Not an image of this event.
naval battle · 3 February 1509

Battle of Diu (1509 CE)

Portuguese defeat of a Mamluk-Gujarati-Calicut fleet, establishing Portuguese naval dominance in the western Indian Ocean (Subrahmanyam 1997 for context).

Evidence: Primary text read Draft estimate

What the record says

  • Unverified (Wikipedia-compiled) Date 3 February 1509; outcome: Portuguese victory (Wikipedia infobox). Casualty entries in the infobox were not cleanly parseable; no numbers asserted.
  • Primary text PRIMARY-SOURCE (read 2026-10-12): Gaspar Correia, Lendas da India t. 1 pt. 2, pp. 945-946 (anno de 1509): the Viceroy's "rol dos mortos, e feridos": dead included Payo Rodrigues de Sousa, captain of a galley; Portuguese "mortos passante de cem homens, quasy todos dos tiros, e feridos mais de trezentos, quasy todos de frechadas"; many Rumes died by artillery, "mas a mor soma foy no mar". Portuguese chronicler writing c. 1550s; claims.

Confidence. medium (date/outcome); no numbers.

Where it sits

Sources and evidence

No page-level citation is claimed for any source. Figures marked unverified come from a Wikipedia aggregator and are not for Official use.

Link to this conflict

Art: Patterns of Civilization chronicle art, made with AI: illustrations, not historical evidence. Entries are drafts preserved from civilization.study. Method and sources.